23 than the orbit; canthus rostralis strong; loreal region concave; interorbital space as broad as the upper eyelid; tympanum distinct, 1/, to ?/, the diameter of the eye. Disks of fingers larger than the tympanum; fingers webbed at the base; toes webbed to the disks of the third and fifth and to the penultimate phalanx of the fourth; subarticular tubercles moderate ; a very small inner metatarsal tubercle; the heel reaches the ‘tip of the snout or a little beyond. .
Skin free from the skull, smooth, or with small warts above, granular beneath; a strong curved fold above the tympanum; heel sometimes with a small conical tubercle. Grey, olive, or reddish brown above, uniform or marbled with darker, or with large insuliform spots; a light line may run along the canthus rostralis and supraciliary edge; dirty white or brown beneath. From snout to vent 66 mm. Male with an external subgular vocal sac.
Habitat: New Guinea (Mt. Victoria, Owen Stanley Range; Moroka, 700 m.). 7 2. Nyctimantis granti Bler.
Nyctimantis Granti Boulenger, Transact. Zool. Soc. London, XX, pt. 5, 1914, p- 249, pl. XXVII, fig. 2.
Tongue circular, nicked and slightly free behind; vomerine teeth in two transverse series between the large choanae. Head moderate, much broader than long; snout rounded, shorter than the orbit; canthus rostralis obtuse; loreal region very oblique, slightly concave; interorbital space as broad as the upper eyelid; tympanum very indistinct, about '/, the diameter of the eye. Disks of fingers °/, the diameter of the eye; outer fingers '/, webbed; toes webbed to the disks of the third and fifth and to the penultimate phalanx of the fourth; subarticular tubercles moderate; a very small inner metatarsal tubercle; the heel reaches the tip of the snout. Skin free from the skull, smooth above, granular on the belly and under the thighs; a strong curved fold above the tympanum.
Purplish grey above, vermiculate with black; flanks and sides of thighs lilac; lower parts whitish. From snout to vent 100 mm. } Habitat:.New Guinea (Utakwa riv., 900 m.).
24 2. Hyla Laur.
(LAURENTI, Synopsis Rept., Viennae, 1768, p. 32). Pupil horizontal. Tongue entire or slightly nicked, not or little free behind. Lower jaw toothless; vomerine teeth usually present. Tympanum distinct or hidden. Fingers free or webbed, toes webbed, with disks. Outer metatarsals united or slightly separated.
Omosternum and sternum cartilaginous '). Diapophyses of sacral vertebra dilated.
Tadpoles. — Eyes lateral or superior. Spiraculum sinistral. Vent median or dextral. Upper crest of tail usually extending on to the body. Mouth normal, sometimes much enlarged; series of papillae narrowly interrupted in the middle of the upper lip, rarely absent; series of teeth 2/3. Distribution: the same as the family. Si yiop sis ot tines pecres:
A, Fingers webbed.
J. The web reaches the disks of the second and fourth fingers.
1. The heel reaches beyond the tip of the snout. a. No outer metatarsal tubercle....... 1. H. rhacophorus p. 28. yk 6, Outer metatarsal tubercle present. ... 2. H. amboinensis p. 29. 2, The heel does not reach beyond the tip of the snout. Vomerine teeth between the choanae(orabsent).
a. Interorbital space twice the width of the upper eyelid, Limbs cross-barred. ... 3. H. papuensis p. 30. /, Interorbital space twice the width of the upper eyelid. Limbs not cross-barred . 4. H. graminea p. 30. c. Interorbital space as broad as the upper eyelid. Limbs not cross-barred ..... 5. H. bernsteini p. 31. . The heel does not reach the tip of the snout. i>) Vomerine teeth behind the level of the CHOAaANBe). ee Aes ae 6 et ea once renes 6. H. eucnemis p. 32. II. The web does not reach the disks of the fingers. Tem NO ty Mpantinayy eee tee-neue med oie ioe 7. H. obsoleta p. 32. 2. Tympanum present, its diameter less than half that of eye.
1) The omosternum is ossified in the males of H. infrafrenata and militaria.
25 a. Outer fingers at least !/, webbed. Vomerineteethpresent.
a. A dermal ridge along the outer side Of thezfore-srra.tey Na it sa encheyee sh 8. H. montana p. 33. @. No dermal ridge along the fore-arm. Skinsmoothabove.
{. Outer fingers about !/, to 3/, WEIN & sen oo 8 gold tio oe 9. H. rueppelli p. 35. +}. Outer fingers nearly half webbed. 10. H. fallax p. 35. tit. Outer fingers '/, webbed ..... 38. H angiana p. 59. y. No dermal ridge along the fore-arm. Upper parts with scattered warts. . 34. H. humeralis p. 56. d. Outer fingers at least !/, webbed. No vomerine teeth, a. The heel reaches the tympanum... 11. A. drachypus p. 37. @. The heel reaches at least the eye. t+. Tympanum about !/, diameter of eye. Toes. 9) ge webbedice sso. ey atk 12. H. ouwensi p. 37. tt. Tympanum !/, to !/, diameter of eye. Toes about 2/, webbed... 13. H. atropunctata p. 37. ttt. Tympanum not quite '/, diameter ofeye.Toesnearlyentirelywebbed. Canthus rostralis distinct ..... 14. H. longicrus p. 38. tttt. Tympanum '!/, to !/, diameter of eye. Toes nearly entirely webbed. Canthus rostralis rounded. .... (10. 4. fallax p. 35). c. Outer fingers webbed at the base. aemloesenanrowlya web bedints cis) aires 15. H. albolabris p. 39. @.Toes?/,webbed.Heelreachingbeyond Io)CLMeTaVOybIEING(tous16ioloneapee16.‘H.arfakianap.39. y. Toes 3/, webbed. Heel reaching tip Ohi UGG 5-0 EG oO A oLone Cot A Ait SES Bide ae Ce d. Toes extensively webbed (the web reaching the disks of third and fifth). Heel reaching beyond tip of snout. 19. AH. wollastoni p. 42. 3. Tympanum present, its diameter at least about half that of eye.
a. No vomerine teeth. Outer fingers !/, to nearly!/,webbed.
a Coarsely granular above....... (13. H. atropunctata p. 37). @.Smoothabove.
+. Canthus rostralis distinct. .... 20. Hl. chloronota p. 42. Wile Canthus rostralis rounded... . . TOME alla Den 3 5.
26 4, Vomerine teeth between the choanae, rarelyabsent.Fingerswebbedatthebase. a A dark cross-bar between the eyes. f. Two white longitudinal streaks pre- Sent. at leastionthe headiasisee =: y. Three white streaks along the back. ONOBSUCHMarkingssitsm.is!<etaryencis c. Vomerine teeth between the choanae. Fingers 1/3, to !/, webbed. g.Disksoffingerslargerthantympanum. @.Disksoffingersaslargeastympanum. y. Disks of fingers smaller than tym- PATNIpretonctevan<Mediate=Eneens|ue d. Vomerine teeth between the choanae, or absent. Fingers more than !/, webbed. é. Vomerine teeth between the posterior bordersofthechoanae. a.Uppersurfaceinpreservedspecimens brown or grey, with or without white markings.
+.Outerfingerswebbedatthebase. Canthus rostralis angular... . +}. Outer fingers webbed at the base. Canthus rostralis rounded... . ttt. Outer fingers nearly half webbed. Canthus rostralis rounded. . . +ttf.Outerfingershalfwebbed.Canthus TOStA lS GIStINC tie. tere cinta @.Uppersurfaceinpreservedspecimens blue or violet (green in life). A white or yellow, below dark-edged streak along lower jaw. {. No projecting rudiment of pollex. Tympanum 3/; to 4/, the width OfgtheneyCurmsma ime sien ane ach et ie +t. No projecting rudiment of pollex. Tympanum as large as the eye ttt. A strong projecting rudiment of y.Uppersurfaceinpreservedspecimens blue or violet. No white streak along lowerjaw.
+. The heel reaches beyond the tip 21.
30.
a3 (5.
Sui('XO:
H, jeudei p. 43. ff, def 2aatae 33. IEE, HT, bicolor p. 44. Peck fH, macrops p. 48. thesaurensis Pp.
49.
lutea p. 50.
. solomonis p. 50. . everetti p. 51. bernsteintp.31). . mpura Pp. 45.
macgregorip.46.
fallax p. 35).
genimaculata p. 47. . infrafrenata p. 51. . spengelt p. 54. militaria p. 55.
27 of the snout. Outer fingers 2/, WEDDEUMratasucMoukeseimeeamstieia35.H.aruensisp.50. +t. The heel reaches the tip of the snout, or beyond. Fingers !/, to P PPM D DEM. ve cic ke nehw athe ys lop se 36. H. sanguinolenta p. 57. ttt. The heel reaches the temple or the eye. Fingers !/, to '/, webbed. 37. H. caerulea p. 58. jf. Vomerine teeth behind the level of the choanae.
@. Fingers '/, to !/, webbed ij..0.% 39. H. congenita p. 60. @. Fingers with a slight rudiment of EOC IEC yes, tant a alist aly» 40. H. rubella p. 62. £. No web between the fingers. I, Diameter of tympanum less than half that ofeye.
I.Vomerineteethpresent.Heelreachesbeyond tipsOhesnoutysinter<Paettedtenieketott©(16. x8 2. Vomerine teeth absent. Heel reaches the eye. 17. II. Diameter of tympanum at least about half that of eye.
I. Snout rounded. Back without longitudinal ridges.
a. Vomerine teeth behind the level of the choanae.
a. Toes 2/, or 3/, webbed. ....... (40. A. rubella p. 62). Gawloes, entirely: webbed ana «hase. se 41. H. obtusirostris p.-63. 6. Vomerine teeth between the choanae. arfakiana p. 39).
wolterstorffiPp.40.
Toes half webbed ....... ».... 42. H. vagabunda p. 63. 2. Snout pointed, Back with longitudinal Saee IDISKSRVietyans TiAl ime eoteqhaphe.
a tests isuicy cipal tice 43.
H.
nasuta p.
64.
Incertae sedis: 44. Hyla(s) dorsalis p. 65. Syiopsis of the lad poles: A, Eyes lateral, Mouth of normal size. Lips with papillae.
I, Vent distinctly above the free border of the subcaudal crest.
1. All series of lower labial teeth nearly equal in length. Tail with dark vertical streaks. 22. ? H. bicolor p. 44. 2. Outer series of lower labial teeth shorter thanthetwootherones.Tailwithoutvertical SMEARS era ee aateetat is. 33) c's Repeaters 31. . infrafrenata p. 51.
28 II. Vent close to the free border of the subcaudal CYEStiTGah@atteADMekimtnenenerclonc)ieelteniatiteae39.H.congenitap.60. ZL.Eyessuperior.
I; Mouthsof mornialesize wp .cieheies Lee eeey eit 40. H. rubella p. 62. II. Mouth very large.
1.) Lipsy witHOuL spapillaey test tei lstla aah elmie> 8. H. montana p. 33- 2 Papillac spresemt mers) (= rot ieee ike clio a mctas Hyla spec.? p. 34. Incompletely known: 33. A. militaria p. 55.
1. Hyla rhacophorus v. Kamp.
Hyla rhacophorus v. Kampen, Nova Guinea, IX, pt. 1, 1909, p. 32, pl. I, fig. 1. Tongue broadly heart-shaped, free behind; vomerine teeth in two short, oblique series between the posterior borders of the choanae. Head a little broader than long, its width equal to '/, the length of head and body; snout rounded, scarcely projecting, as long as the upper eyelid; canthus rostralis angular, curved; loreal region oblique, strongly concave; nostril nearly twice nearer the tip of the snout than the eye; interorbital space as broad as the upper eyelid; tympanum distinct, */, the diameter of the eye. Disks large, smaller than the tym- _panum, those of toes a little smaller than those of fingers; first finger shorter than second, which is shorter than fourth; fingers strongly webbed, the web reaching the disks at the outer side of the second and the inner side of the fourth, nearly reaching the disk at the outer side of the third finger; at the first finger and the inner side of the second and third the penultimate phalanges are free from the web; third and fifth toe of equal length; toes nearly entirely webbed, the web reaching all disks; subarticular tubercles well-developed, the distal one of the fourth finger double; a small, oblong inner, no outer metatarsal tubercle; the heel reaches somewhat beyond the tip of the snout; tibia nearly */, length of head and body. Upper parts finely granulate, with some scattered small warts; throat, belly and lower surfaces of thighs coarsely granular; some larger warts below the vent (partly arranged in a transverse series) and on the heel; a denticulated ridge along the border of the lower jaw, a more distinct dermal fold along the outer edge of forearm and outer finger and another one along that of tarsus and fifth toe; on the arm and tarsus it is undulated; heel with a triangular dermal appendage; a fold above the tympanum.
29 Upper surface bluish violet, yellowish beneath; upper arm and thigh yellowish white, except a small streak along the upper surface; of the same colour are the three inner fingers, the tarsus and the foot, the tympanum and the border of the lips. Length 66 mm.
Habitat: New Guinea (Etna bay!; Setekwa riv.). 2. Hyla amboinensis Horst.
fy la amboinensis Horst, Notes Leyden Mus., V, 1883, p. 239. Hyla amboinensis Boettger, Ber. Offenb. Ver. f. Naturk., 1892, p. 156. Hyla Kampeni Barbour, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zod]. Harvard Coll., LI, 1908, p. 324. Hyla Kampeni Barbour, Mem. Mus. Comp. Zool. Harvard Coll., XLIV, N°. 1, LOL) p. 76. pla-V, tig. 13.
Tongue slightly nicked and free behind; vomerine teeth in two small groups in the middle between the choanae. Head slightly broader than long; snout rounded, as long as, ora little shorter than the upper eyelid, longer than deep; canthus rostralis indistinct; loreal region oblique, hardly concave; nostril nearer the tip of the snout than the eye; interorbital space as broad as, or broader than the upper eyelid; tympanum distinct, about */, to */, the diameter of. thé eye. Disks of three outer fingers about as large as or a little smaller than the tympanum, of toes a little smaller; first finger shorter than second, which is shorter than fourth; fingers extensively webbed, the web reaching the disks at the outer side of the second and third, and at the inner side of the fourth finger; first finger included to the disk, or nearly so; third and fifth toe about equal in length; all toes webbed to the disks; subarticular and inner metatarsal tubercles moderate, a small, circular outer metatarsal tubercle; a distinct tarsal fold; the heel reaches beyond the tip of the snout.
Smooth above, with scattered, small tubercles on the back and below the vent; belly and lower surfaces of thighs granular ; a fold across the breast; a strong fold above the tympanum; a ridge along outer edge of fore-arm and outer finger, and of tarsus and outer toe; on tarsus and fore-arm it is more or less distinctly broken up into oblong warts.
Above greyish or brownish, variegated with dark; lower surface yellowish, the throat dotted with dark brown. Length 57 mm. Male with a subgular vocai sac.
Type specimens in the Leyden Museum examined. The
30 specimen of Misool has the tympanum larger and the back more tubercular than those of Ambon.
Habitat: Misool!; Ceram!; Ambon!
3. Hyla papuensis Wern.
Hyla papuensis Werner, Zool. Anz., XXIV, 1901, p. 99, 101. Tongue elliptical, distinctly nicked and free behind ; vomerine teeth in two round groups between the choanae. Head a little broader than long; snout rounded, about once and a half the length of the eye; canthus rostralis curved, rounded; loreal region oblique, concave; nostril twice nearer the tip of the snout than the eye; interorbital space twice as broad as the upper eyelid; tympanum very distinct, its diameter a little larger than half that of eye. Disks of fingers nearly as large as the tympanum; fingers webbed; the web reaches the disks, except at the third finger and the inner side of the second, which is half free; toes entirely webbed; subarticular tubercles well developed; a small inner metatarsal tubercle; the heel reaches the tip of the snout.
Occiput and back indistinctly granular, with small round warts, which on the back are arranged in indistinct longitudinal rows; a denticulated dermal ridge along the outer side of the fore-arm, and a smooth one along that of the fourth finger; a less developed ridge along the outer border of tarsus and fifth toe; a strong fold above the tympanum; throat, belly, lower surface of thighs and surroundings of vent granulate; heel with a small dermal appendage.
Light grey, with a darker, irregular design above; sides whitish, marbled with dark; throat whitish, with small dark spots; limbs with indistinct, broad transverse bars; webs darkcoloured. Length 58 mm.
Male with a large subgular vocal sac and a brown nuptial excrescence on the first finger.
Habitat: New Guinea (Torricelli mts.).
4. Hyla graminea Blgr.
Hyla graminea Boulenger, Ann, Mag. Nat. Hist., (7) XVI, 1905, p. 183. Tongue heart-shaped, free behind; vomerine teeth in two widely separated, short transverse groups between the very large choanae. Head rather large, much depressed, a little