ANNOTATED LIST OF THE SPECIES 293 Rio Huallaga to Paraguay basin 15828,6,49-89mm.,creek,RioMorona,Allen,October,1920. 15831,2,38and75mm.,creek,Yurimaguas,Allen,November,1920. 389. CURIMATA TRACHYSTETHA Cope Curimatus trachystethus Cope, 1878, Proc. Amer. Phil. Soc., XVII, 684, Peruvian Amazon, Orton collection.
CurimatusbimaculatustrachystethusEigenmannandEKigenmann,1889,Ann.N.Y.Acad.Sei.,IV, 422; Eigenmann and Eigenmann, 1891, Proc. U. 8S. Nat. Mus., XIV, 47; Eigenmann, 1910, Rept. Princeton Univ. Exped. Patagonia, IIT, 421. Curimata(Steindachnerina)trachystethusFowler,1906(1907),Proc.Acad.Nat.Sci.Phila.,LVIII, 299,fig.5.
Peruvian Amazon and Serpa According to Fowler differing from C. bimaculata in the greater arching of the ventral line, the lack of a caudal spot, a blackish spot behind the tip of the occipital process, and scales of smaller size, 8 —48 to 52—6 to 7. 390. CURIMATA DOBULA Giinther Curimatus dobula Giinther, 1868, Proc. Zool. Soe. London, 243, Rio Huallaga, three, 44 inches, Bartlett collection; Boulenger,1887,Proc.Zool.Soc.London,279,Canelos; Eigenmann and Higenmann, 1889, Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci., [V, 423; Jigenmann and Kigenmann, 1891, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., XIV, 47; Eigenmann,1910,Rept.PrincetonUniv.Exped.Patagonia,IIT,421. Eastern slopes of Peru and Ecuador Without a black spot on the middle caudal rays or sides; a black spot on base of dorsal fin; lateral line count 43.
391. CURIMATA ASPERA Giinther CurimatusasperGiinther,1868,Proc.Zool.Soc.London,243,textfig.8,fourspecimens,7inches, Huallaga and Xeberos; Eigenmann and Eigenmann, 1889, Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci., IV, 426; ‘igenmann and Figenmann, 1891, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., XTV, 47, Eigenmann,1910,Rept.PrincetonUniv.Exped.Patagonia,IIT,422. Peruvian Amazon 15819,2,180and204mm.,Gosulimacocha,Allen,October,1920. D. 10-11: A. 12-13; scale counts respectively: 13—51—7 and 14—54—7. Like C. dobula in the lack of spots on the middle caudal rays or sides, but unlike it in also lacking the black spot on the dorsal fin; differing from C. leucisca in the greater number of scales; near C. rutiloides in the scale formula, and differing in the slightly inferior mouth.
294 FISHES OF WESTERN SOUTH AMERICA 392. CURIMATA RUTILOIDES Kner Curimatus rutiloides Kner, 1859, Denksch. IKI<. Akad. Wiss. Wien, XVII, 141; Ginther, 1864, Cat. Fish. Brit. Mus., V, 290; Steindachner, 1882 (1883), Denksch. KIx. Akad. Wiss. Wien, XLVI, 11, Rio Huallaga, five specimens; Eigenmann and Eigenmann, 1889, Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci., IV, 426; Eigenmann and Eigenmann, 1891, Proce. U.S. Nat. Mus., XIV, 47; EFigenmann,1910,Rept.PrincetonUniv.Exped.Patagonia,III,422. Rio Huallaga to the basin of the Paraguay Huimba-shitari is a colloquial name reported to Steindachner, with the earmarks of improvisation, since the latter part of the name appears generally applied to certain Loricarinae.
The smaller scales of the lateral line differentiate it from asper; mouth terminal. 393. CURIMATA LEUCISCA Giinther Curimatus leuciscus Giinther, 1868, Proc. Zool. Soe. London, 239, two specimens, 53 inches, Rio Huallaga,Bartlettcollection; Eigenmann and EKigenmann, 1889, Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci., IV, 426; Eigenmann and Figenmann, 1891, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., XIV, 47; Eigenmann, 1910, Rept. Princeton Univ. Exped. Patagonia, III, 422. The Amazons 15820,1,164mm.,Gosulimacocha,RioMorona,Allen,October,1920. 15826,1,117mm.,RioHuallaga,Yurimaguas,Allen,November,1920. 158338,1,85mm.,RioParanapura,Yurimaguas,Allen,November,1920. 15835,3,66-120mm.,Gosulimacocha,RioMorona,Allen,October,1920. 15839,many,60-125mm.,GosulimacochaandLagoSanangomixed,Allen,October-November, 1920.
17854,1,117mm.,RioUcayali,Orellana,Allen,August,1920. 17855,3,75-133mm.,LagoCashiboya,Allen,August,1920. 15832,1,107mm.,LagoSanango,Allen,November,1920. 15832 was determined by Eigenmann as C. bimaculatus, and 15833 as near bimaculatus. To me they are clearly the present species. At least locally known as the yavarachi or llavarachi. Belonging to the small-scaled division, having a scale count of 10 —60 to 69—%S. Back of uniform color, dorsal and median caudal rays unspotted, separating it from the remotely-distributed mivartii; elongate like spilura. Ventral profile straight, and dorsal contour arched, especially toward the forward end; preventral area flattened, postventral rounded; predorsal line keeled, postdorsal rounded; not depressed at the eye level; mouth inferior; eye diameter little exceeding the snout, 3.0-3.33 in the head, 1.5-1.6 in the interorbital. Scales serrate, somewhat deciduous; caudal not scaled; longest dorsal ray about equal to the head; anal short, emarginate, longest ray reaching caudal fin; ventrals reaching about to the vent, the pectorals not reaching the ventrals. Silvery below, light brown above; a blackish spot in front of the dorsal fin, a second behind the occipital process; a white lateral band. H. 4.0-4.25; depth 3.66-3.75; D. 12-13; A. 10-11.
ANNOTATED LIST OF THE SPECIES 295 394. CurRIMATA cCILIATA (Miller and Troschel) Anodus ciliatus Miller and Troschel, 1845, Horae Ichth., 25, pl. iv, fig. 4. CurimatusciliatusCastelnau,1855,Anim.Amér.Sud,Poiss.,58,Amazon; Giinther, 1864, Cat. Fish. Brit. Mus., V, 292; Bigenmann,1912,Mem.CarnegieMus.,V,268.
Curimata (Curimata) ciliata Fowler, 1939 (1940), Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., XCI, 253, fie. 53, six,99-148mm.,Contamana.
PsectrogasterciliataEigenmannandEigenmann,1889,Ann.N.Y.Acad.Sei.,[V,5; Eigenmann and Eigenmann, 1891, Proe. U.S. Nat. Mus., XIV, 46; Fowler, 1906 (1907), Proc. Acad. Nat. Sei. Phila., LVITI, 305; Higenmann,1910,Rept.PrincetonUniv.Exped.Patagonia,IIT,420. CurimatusrutiloidesCope(nonKner),1871,Proc.Acad.Nat.Sci.Phila.,XXIII,258,RioAmbyiacu. Curmmatus cyprinoides Cope (non Linnaeus), 1871, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., XXIII, 258, Rio Ambyiacu.
Rios Ambyiacu and Solimoées; Ucayali 395. CURIMATA CYPRINOIDES (Linnaeus) SalmocyprinoidesLinnaeus,1766,Syst.Nat.,ed.xii,514. SalmoedentulusBloch,1785,Ausl.Fische,380; BlochandSchneider,1801,Syst.Ichth.,472.
CharacinuscyprinoidesLacépéde,1801,Hist.Nat.Poiss.,nos.272,274. Curimatus cyprinoides Cuvier and Valenciennes, 1848, Hist. Nat. Poiss., XXII, 7; Giinther, 1864, Cat. Fish. Brit. Mus., V, 290; Cope, 1871, Proce. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., XXIII, 258, Rio Ambyiacu, Hauxwell collection; Eigenmann and Eigenmann, 1889, Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci., [V, 429; Eigenmann, 1910, Rept. Princeton Univ. Exped. Patagonia, III, 422. Curimata cyprinoides Fowler, 1906 (1907), Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., LVIII, 300, fig. 6; Fowler,1939(1940),Proc.Acad.Nat.Sei.Phila.,XCI,253,fifteen,83-157mm.,Contamana. Amazons northward Belonging to the group of Curimata having a trenchant postventral area, with angular preventral; some dorsal rays protracted into a filament; in all these respects resembling C. knervi of the middle and lower Amazon and Surinam, but differing consistently in the lower number of all scales. Fowler’s Contamana specimens measure 2.25-2.8 in the ratio of length to depth; pectorals barely reach the ventrals; scales 14 or 15—50 to 60—8 or 9. The name Chilio has been reported to Fowler.
396. CURIMATA RETICULATA Allen, sp. nov.
Plate XIV, fig. 2 17856,1,132mm.,RioUcayali,nearOrellana,Allen,August,1920. 17857,12,75-113mm.,thetype105mm.,LagoCashiboya,Allen,August,1920. Similar to C. gilberti in the unaugmented median series of scales, obtuse keels, but of less robust form, lacking the dark line of the tail, which is sealed; scales few, in regular rows above the lateral line, whose formula is 540 —4 or 6, and which is straight; eye unlike in size.
296 FISHES OF WESTERN SOUTH AMERICA D. 11; length of dorsal 3.8—4.7 in the length of the fish; A. 9; eye greater than snout by half the width of the iris, 3 in the head, 1.6 in the interorbital width; depth in length 2.8-3.3. All fins small, ventrals in length 4.8, moderate, not reaching to the anus by a considerable space; pectorals still shorter, 6.7 in the length and far short of reaching the ventrals; dorsal origin slightly nearer the tip of the snout than to that of the adipose, its tip separated by four scale rows from the adipose fin, which is considerably elevated; the anal reaching the caudal origin; the caudal moderately forked, with a few diminishing series of scales on the base. Cypriniform; dorsal contour strongly arched from the nape to the extremity of the dorsal basis; wide and flat on the top of the head and first series of predorsal scales; preventral contour more regular, but somewhat arched both ways}in the preventral region; only moderately compressed; lateral keels of preventral area rounded.
Mouth distinctly inferior, nearly equals the interorbital space; scales increasing in size ventrally, but only moderately; crenulations moderate and inconspicuous. A slightly pigmented epidermis about the margin of each scale, each of which is darker than its border, forms a lighter network with a lace-like, regular pattern on the dorsal half of the sides. Iridescent, bluish silver ground color, becoming golden or brassy on the opercle and ins.
The name alludes to the ight network about the upper scales of the sides. 397. CuURIMATA HypostomMaA Boulenger CurimatushypostomusBoulenger,1887,Ann.Mag.Nat.Hist.,NIX,172,RioUcayali; Eigenmann and Eigenmann, 1889, Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci., [V, 426; Eigenmann, 1910, Rept. Princeton Univ. Exped. Patagonia, III, 422. Peruvian Amazonia 15825,13,99-107mm.,RioHuallaga,Yurimaguas,Allen,November,1920. 15827,10,67-84mm.,RioHuallaga,Yurimaguas,Allen,November,1920. 15829,1,105mm.,RioMorona,Allen,October,1920.
17858,13,58-103mm.,RioParanapura,Yurimaguas,Allen,November,1920. The apparently juvenile specimens under number 15827 are separableVfrom 15825 from the same source by several characters:
15825 15827 Lateral fae ele Bi ae Pe en, He 50-54 16. -48 i Mouth me ey a ‘ S Fs i: : . ve abe Dee. ; More toe Less oP oh eee. eh ee Vike Vientrelaa ee ot. ; : mel me ¥ ; ie : ie | NGS : Rone Bue With respect to other characters these specimens are hypostoma. Curimata hypostoma should be the ideal baitfish in several ways: with its perfection of minnow form, its brilliant silver iridescence, and its broad snout for
ANNOTATED LIST OF THE SPECIES 297 the attachment of a hook, a snout perhaps all the tougher for the lack of teeth; they seem unusually able to withstand handling out of water.
397a. CURIMATA HYPOSTOMA HASTATA Allen, subsp. nov.
17859, 1, 133 mm., Rio Pichis, Puerto Bermudez, Allen, July, 1920. Although separated from the preceding (or united to the preceding, as you may prefer) by some 600 to 800 miles of water, it is very close to C. hypostoma, somewhat stouter. More specimens would have warranted making it a new species. In all respects except the greater robustness and differences in color it Fia. 32. Nests of Loricariid fishes in the clay banks of the Rio Huallaga near Yurimaguas. exactly resembles our specimens of C. hypostoma; leucisca-like in form, color, and striae of the scales; hypostoma-like in the position of the mouth; and suggesting C. elegans and gilberti of southeastern Brazil in the javelin of black along the sides, the head of the javelin black on the caudal peduncle, its point bearing on the middle caudal rays, the handle of the javelin a fainter black, mostly above the lateral line. Seales 7—49—6, regular, nearly uniform, naked, rayed, crenulate, firmly embedded. Dorsal and ventral curvature slight and about equal; fishes elongate in form, the outline slightly interrupted by the bases of the fins; length of the caudal peduncle 1.5 in its own depth; moderately compressed; only faintly keeled. Head 4; depth 3.4 in the length; eye equals snout, 3.6 in the head.
298 FISHES OF WESTERN SOUTH AMERICA € 398. CURIMATA ROBUSTULA Allen, sp. nov.
15830,8,57-84mm.,creek,Yurimaguas,Allen,November,1920.
A form from near the foothills of the Andes nearly resembling C. elegans of the Atlantic seaboard streams, but unlike in markings and scalation, as seen below; form more robust.
Head 3.6; depth in the length 2.9-3.2; eye in head 2.6, exceeding snout by width of iris or more, nearly equals interorbital; D. 11, equals head; A. 10; scale count 5—34 to 36—5.
Rather erect and short in form, dorsal and ventral contours subequal, dorsal nearly straight, ventral moderately convex; slightly concave over the eye; compressed; tends to form a double keel on each side of preventral region; mouth only slightly inferior, its width equal to eye. Dorsal fin equal to head, truncate; pectoral fin rather long, nearly reaching ventral; ventral fin moderately long, reaching within two scales or less to the anus; anal rather long, sometimes reaching the caudal; caudal shallowly furcate. Scales few, large, uniform in size, slightly crenate, slightly rayed, naked, deciduous.
Black area on lower part of middle dorsal rays, 5th to 8th; faint dark streak along lateral line, especially persistent on the caudal peduncle, and continuing to the end of the middle caudal rays.
399. CURIMATA SIMULATA Eigenmann and EKigenmann Curimatus simulatus Eigenmann and Higenmann, 1889, Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sei., IV, 480; BHigenmann1910,Rept.PrincetonUniv.Exped.Patagonia,III,422. Solimoées and Peruvian Andes 15821,2,142and175mm.,LagoSanango,Allen,November,1920.
Back greatly arched with steep anterior profile; preventral area flattened; postventral region prominently keeled; predorsal trenchant; scales more or less “cilate’; caudal naked.
Profile somewhat depressed at the occiput; mouth inferior, snout pointed; eye equal to snout, 3.33-3.5 in the head, 1.66 in the interorbital space; head 3.2—-3.4; depth 2.33-2.6; D. 12-13; A. 12-14; scale formula 14—51 to 53—6 or 7. 400. CURIMATA MURIELI Allen, sp. nov.
Plate XIV, fig. 1 17853,1,80mm.,Contamana,RioUcayali,August,1920.
Near Curimata simulata Eigenmann and Eigenmann, and in other respects similar to C. aspera Giinther; differs most conspicuously in the faint band of brown along the lateral line (suggesting C. hastata) and in the eight more or less distinct bands across the back, none but the first reaching the lateral line. Much elongated; head narrow; lateral line curved; fins shorter than above. Head 3 in the length; depth 3.2; eye 3 in the head and exceeding snout by the
ANNOTATED LIST OF THE SPECIES 299 width of the yellow iris, nearly equal to the interorbital space; mouth slightly inferior; dorsal profile slightly depressed on the head; D. 11; A. 11; scales 13—55—7; lateral line depressed slightly at its anterior end; fins moderate; longest dorsal rays 4.3 in the length of the fish; pectoral fin not reaching to the ventral, nor the ventrals to the anus.
Caudal peduncle elongated, its depth 1.4 in its length; base of the anal fin 1.3 in the base of the dorsal or interorbital space; preventral area distinctly keeled, postventral only perceptibly.
Scales mostly cycloid, the exposed margins only sinuate at most; fins without scales.
For Capitan Muriel of the frontier military district with headquarters at Contamana, who gave much assistance during a month’s work in that area. 401. CuRIMATA BREVIPES Eigenmann and Ogle Curimatus brevipes Eigenmann and Ogle, 1907, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., XX XIII, 3, fig. 1, one, probablyPeru,Ortoncollection; Eigenmann, 1910, Rept. Princeton Univ. Exped. Patagonia, III, +22. The type, probably Peruvian, unique.
402. CURIMATA MELANIRIS Fowler Curimata (Steindachnerina) melaniris Fowler, 1939 (1940), Proce. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., XCI, 253, fig.
54.
Lower Rio Ucayali, Peru Known from the unique type in the collections of the Philadelphia Museum, 150 mm. long, Boca Chica, Morrow collection.
Genus 161: CURIMATOIDES Fowler Curimatoides Fowler, 1939 (1940), Proc. Acad. Nat. Sei. Phila., XCI, 255. Type: Curimatoides ucayalensis Fowler Contamana, Rio Ucayali “Resembling Curi/mata in the scaleless caudal! fin (?), complete lateral line, and general appearance, and differing in the absence of an adipose fin. “Elongate, compressed, predorsal becoming flattened anteriorly; belly broad before and after the vent; edentulous, without gill-rakers, gill-filaments long; gill-membranes united and joined to the isthmus; scales large, and more or less uniform; mouth broad, obtuse.”’ 403. CURIMATOIDES UCAYALENSIS Fowler Curimatoides ucayalensis Fowler, 1939 (1940), Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., XCI, 255, fig. 55. Known from the 80-mm. type from Contamana, at Philadelphia.
300 FISHES OF WESTERN SOUTH AMERICA Subfamily: ANODINAE Genus 162: ANODUS Spix AnodusSpix,1829,Sel.Gen.etSpec.Pisce.Bras.,57; Cope, 1878, Proc. Amer. Phil. Soe., X VIII, 682; Eigenmann and Eigenmann, 1889, Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci., IV, 410; Eigenmann, 1910, Rept. Princeton Univ. Exped. Patagonia, III, 420. Elopomorphus Gill, 1878, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (5), III, 112, jordani. Type: Anodus elongatus Spix Rios Orinoco and Amazon Gill-arches with long, slender rakers.
404. ANopus LATICEPS (Cuvier and Valenciennes) Curimatus laticeps Cuvier and Valenciennes, 1848, Hist. Nat. Poiss., X XII, 21, pl. 634; Steindachner, 1880 (1882), Denksch. KIx. Akad. Wiss. Wien, XLIII, 37. Semitipicis laticeps Eigenmann and Eigenmann, 1889, Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci., IV, 417, 432; Fowler, 1906 (1907), Proce. Acad. Nat. Sei. Phila., LVIII, 305, Peruvian Amazon, Orton collection ; Eigenmann, 1910, Rept. Princeton Univ. Exped. Patagonia, III, 422; Fowler, 1939 (1940), Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., XCI, 256, fig. 56, twelve, 73-153 mm., Contamana, Morrow collection.
CurimatusaltamazonicusCope,1878,Proc.Amer.Phil.Soc.,XVII,684,PeruvianAmazon. Lake Maracaibo to Rio Paraguay via Peru 15663,15823,5,175-213mm.,LagoSanango,Allen,November,1920. 15836, 3, 148-170 mm., Rio Nanay, Iquitos, Allen, September, 1920. 17860, 1, 207 mm., Rio Ucayali, Orellana, Allen, August, 1920. 17861, 12, 70-141 mm., Rio Ucayali, Contamana, Allen, August, 1920. 17862,35,71-170mm.,LagoCashiboya,Allen,August,1920. Fowler was given the local name Yahnarache (yanarache ?). At least in some localities it is known as rumiuma, or ‘‘red-tail.’”’ This name is also applied to one or more quite different fishes.
The generic appellation Semitipicis has been justified on the very numerous, small scales, 85-110 in the lateral line; median predorsal scales growing deciduous with age, thin, crenate; postdorsal and preventral areas rounded, the latter trenchant, but without carina; head wider and flatter than in latior, upper profile more elevated and convex; origin of dorsal fin nearer snout than to tip of the adipose fin; dorsal fin truncate, or with some of the anterior rays produced as long as the head. 405. ANODUS LATIOR Spix Anodus latior Spix, 1829, Sel. Gen. et Spec. Pise. Bras., 62, pl. xli. Curimatus latior Cuvier and Valenciennes, 1848, Hist. Nat. Poiss., X XII, 19; Giinther, 1864, Cat. Fish. Brit. Mus., V, 293; Ginther, 1868, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 229; Steindachner, 1880 (1881), Denksch. KKK. Akad. Wiss. Wien, XLIII, 36, Teffé, Rio Negro;