CHRYSICHTHYS. 325 of head; premaxillary band of teeth straight, 3 to 4 trmes as long as broad; vomerospterygoid teeth forming a narrow band interrupted in the middle, sometimes restricted to the vomerine part; nasal barbel + to 8diameter of eye; maxillary barbel 2 (adult) to once (young) length of head; outer mandibular barbel about once and 4 as long as inner and 2 to 2 length of head. Gill-rakers moderate, 12 or 13 on lower part of anterior arch. Dorsal I 6, 14 to 14 times as distant from root of caudal as from end of snout; spine feebly serrated behind, $ to % length of head; first or first and second soft rays longest, ? to once Jength of head. Adipose dorsal not much longer than deep, its base $ to } that of rayed dorsal, from which it is separated by a space equal to 2 to 3 times its base. Anal 11-13, 7 or 8 rays branched. Pectoral about # length of head, spine smooth or very feebly serrated on outer side, strongly serrated on inner side. Caudal deeply forked, with long, acutely pointed lobes, the upper the longer and 5 to 4 times as long as middle rays. Caudal peduncle 13 to 1§ times as long as deep. Brown above, silvery white beneath.
Total length 240 millim.
West African Rivers, from the Gold Coast to the Ogowe. 1-3. Yg., types. R. Prah, Gold Coast. R. B. N. Walker, Esq. (C.). 4. Yg. ” ” ” 5-7, 8. Yg. R. Offin, 55 9. Ad., type of Gaboon. or C.persimilis.
10-12. Her. & yg. Sette Cama, Gaboon. =A 13. Her., type of Ogowe. Miss Kingsley (C.).
C.kingsleye.
7. CHRYSICHTHYS AURATUS.
Pimelodus auratus, Geoftr. Descr. Egypte, Poiss. pl. xiv. tigs. 3 & 4 (1809). Porcus auratus, 1. Geoftr. op. cit. p. 302 (1827). Abou Crata, Rifaud, Voy. Egypte, pl. exev. (1835). Bagrus auratus, Riipp. N. Nachtr. Beschr. Fische Nil, p. 25 (1835); Cuy. & Val. Hist. Poiss. xiv. p. 427 (1839).
Bagrvus capito, Cuv. & Val. t. ec. p. 430.
Chrysichthys auratus, Bleek. Acta Soc. Sc. Ind.-Neerl. iv. 1858, p. 65; Bouleng. Fish. Nile, p. 333, pl. Ix. fig. 1 (1907).
Chrysichthys capito, Bleek. 1. e.
Chrysichthys macrops, Giinth. Cat. Fish. v. p. 71 (1864), Petherick’s Trav. ii. p. 230 (1869), and Proe. Zool. Soe. 1899, p. 719, fig. 2. Depth of body 33 to 53 times in total length, length of head 34 to
326 SILURID.
53 times. Head moderately depressed, 14 to 14 times as long as broad, its upper surface more or less rugose, the rugosities usually showing under the thin skin; occipital process narrow, extending to the small interneural shield; snout broadly rounded ; eye large, transversely oval, its diameter once (young) to once and # in length of snout, 5 to 43 times in length of bead, 1} to 2 times in interocular width ; mouth inferior, its width equal to or a little greater than interocular width ; preemaxillary band of teeth straight, 24 to 3} times as long as broad; vomero-pterygoid Ze Za Chrysichthys auratus.
Lower Nile (F.N.). 3.
teeth forming a narrow band narrowly interrupted in the middle, sometimes reduced to the vomerine part. Nasal barbel 4 to 2 diameter of eye; maxillary barbel 2 to nearly once length of head; mandibular barbels shorter, inner about $ or # length of outer. Gill-rakers rather short, 10-12 on lower part of anterior arch. Dorsal I 6, 14 to 14 times as distant from root of caudal as from end of snout; spine strong, feebly serrated behind, 2 to 2 length of head; first soft ray usually more or less produced, sometimes much longer than head. Adipose fin as long as or longer than base of rayed dorsal, usually shorter than its distance from the latter. Anal 11-13, 6 or 7 (rarely 8) branched. Pectoral shorter than head, not reaching ventral, with a strong spine, with strong serrm on the inner side. Caudal deeply forked, the lobes acutely pointed, upper often produced into a short filament. Caudal peduncle 14 to 1% times as long as deep. LBuffish grey above, silvery white beneath ; an ill-defined dark transverse band behind the head and another in front of the dorsal fin.
) SS +I] OHRYSICHTHYS. ¢ Total length 220 millim. Lower Nile to Bahr-el-Gebel ; Chad Basin.— Type in Paris Museum.
1. Ad., type of 2:
En C.
macrops.
2-3. Ad.
4-9. Her.
10-19. Ad. & her. 20. Skel.
21-22. Yg.
ro co) 31-388. Ad.& her. 39-40. Ad.
41-42.
43-47, Yo.
48. Yg.
49-50. Her. 51-52: Vig 53-57. Ad. &her., Lower Nile. Near Damiectta, in fresh water.
Near Ghet-el-Nassara, LL. Menzaleh, in fresh water. Nile near Samannud. ” rr) Damietta Nile, upstream sideofbarrage. Cairo.
Near Cairo. BeniSouef.
Lahun, Bahr Yusuf, Fayum.
Bahr Selah, Fayum. Near Luxor. Between Luxor and Assuan. Wady Halfa. Kosheh, Nubia. Khartum.
types of C. auratus. 58. Skel.
59. Her.
60. Ad.
61, 62-65. Ye. 66. Ad.
33 times, Khartum.
Nur-el-Daim, White Nile. Between Khartum and Sobat.
Gondokoro.
Fort Lamy, Shari R. Dr. Riippell (C.). L. Loat, Esq. (C.). Capt. 8. Flower (P.). L. Loat, Esq. (C.). J. Petherick, Esq. (C.). ” L. Loat, Esq. (C.). Mr. P. C. Zaphiro (C.) ; W.N. MacMillan, Esq. (P.). L. Thoat, Hsq. (C.). Capt. G. B. Gosling (P.). 8. CHRYSICHTHYS RUEPPELLI. Chrysichthys auratus (non Geoffr.), Giinth. Cat. Fish. v. p. 71 (1864), and Petherick’s Trav. ii. p. 229 (1869). Chrysichthys auratus, part., Giinth. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1899, p. 718, fig. 1. Chrysichthys rueppelli, Bouleng. Fish. Nile, p. 337, pl. Ix. fig. 2 (1907). Depth of body 4 to 4$ times in total length, length of head 3} to Head moderately depressed, 1 to 14 times as long as broad, its upper surface smooth, covered with thick skin; occipital process narrow, extending to the small interneural shield; snout broadly
328 S{LURID#.
rounded; eye 4 (young) to 54 times in length of head, 1? to 24 times in interocular width; mouth inferior, its width 1¢ to 2 times in length of head; premaxillary band of teeth straight, 24 to 3 times as Jong as broad; vomero-pterygoid teeth forming a narrow band narrowly interrupted in the middle; nasal barbel 3 to $ diameter of eye; maxillary barbel 3 length of head; mandibular barbels shorter, outer 14 to 13 times inner. Gill-rakers short, 10-12 on lower part of anterior arch. Dorsal 1 6, 1% to 1} times as distant from root of caudal as from end of snout; spine strong, feebly serrated behind, about 4 length of head ; first soft ray longest, not produced, shorter than head; adipose fin longer than base of rayed dorsal, as long as or slightly shorter than its distance from the latter. Anal 12, 7 rays branched. Pectoral Fig.256.
Chrysichthys rueppelli.
Type (F. N.). 2 2° much shorter than head, spine strongly serrated on inner side. Caudal with rounded or obtusely pointed lobes, longest rays about twice length of median. Caudal peduncle 13 to 14 times as long as deep. Pale brown above, white beneath; an ill-defined dark transverse band behind the head and another in front of the dorsal fin. Total length 225 millim.
Lower Nile.
1. Type. Lower Nile. Dr. Riippell (C.).
2-3. Types. Near Ghet-el-Nassara, L. Menzaleh, in L. Loat, Wsq. (C.). freshwater.
4. Skel. Lower Nile.
(Sh) Sie) CHRYSICHTHYS.
9. CHRYSICHTHYS BREVIBARBIS.
Chrysobagrus brevibarbis, Bouleng. Ann. Mus. Congo, Zool. i. p. 40, pl. xxi. fig. 1 (1899).
Chrysichthys brevibarbis, Bouleng. Poiss. Bass. Congo, p. 290 (1901). Depth of body 44 to 5 times in total length, length of head 3} times. Head much depressed, 14 to 14 times as long as broad, feebly striated and granulated on the occiput ; occipital process in contact with interneural shield ; snout truncate, projecting slightly beyond lower jaw, its length nearly $ of head; eye 3 (young) to 5 times in length of head, $ to § interorbital width ; width of mouth 3 times in length of head; primaxillary band of teeth feebly curved, 4 to 6 times as long as broad ; two short bands of vomerine teeth, separated by a narrow interspace ; Fig.257.
Chrysichthys brevibarbis.
" Type (A. M.C.). 2.
nasal barbel not } diameter of eye ; maxillary barbel slightly longer than head; outer mandibular barbel about once and $as long as inner. Gillrakers moderate, 17 on lower part of anterior arch. Dorsal I 6, 1+ to 12 times as distant from root of caudal as from end of snout; spine a little shorter than head, smooth or feebly serrated behind ; first soft ray longest, nearly as long as head. Adipose fin twice as long as deep, its base equal to that of rayed dorsal, from which it is separated by a space equal to 13 to 2 times its length. Anal 12, 9 rays branched. Pectoral spine 3 length of head, strongly serrated on inner side. Caudal deeply forked ; lobes long and pointed, outer rays 3 times as long as median. Caudal peduncle about twice as long as deep. Uniform brownish. Total length 440 millim.
Congo.—Type in Congo Museum, Tervueren.
1. Her. Monsembe, Upp. Congo. Rey. J. H. Weeks (P.).
os Os i=) SILURID&.
10. CHRYSICHTHYS LONGIBARBIS.
Chrysobagrus longibarbis, Bouleng. Ann, Mus. Congo, Zool. i. p. 41, pl. xxi. fig. 2 (1899).
Chrysichthys longibarbis, Bouleng. Poiss. Bass. Congo, p. 291 (1901). Depth of body 44 to 5 times in total length, length of head 35 to 32 times. Head much depressed, 1} times as long as broad, feebly rugose above; occipital process in contact with interneural shield; snout rounded, its length about 3 of head ; eye 3 (young) to 5 times in length of head, 1 to 1} times in interorbital width; mouth inferior, its width 2 to 2} times in length of head; praemaxillary band of teeth feebly curved, 4 to 54 times as long as broad; two short bands of vomerine teeth, separated by a narrow interspace ; nasal barbel 4 to ? diameter of eye; maxillary barbel 3 to 53 times as long as head; outer mandibular barbel a little longer than head, nearly twice as long as inner. Gillrakers moderate, 20-23 on lower part of anterior arch. Dorsal I 6, 1} to 14 times as distant from root of caudal as from end of snout; Fig.258.
Chrysichthys longibarbis.
Type (A. M.C.). 3.
spine shorter than head, feebly serrated behind ; first soft ray longest, as long as or a little longer than head. Adipose fin as long as deep or a little longer than deep, its base less than that of the rayed dorsal and measuring about half its distance from the latter. Anal 12-13, 8 or 9 rays branched. Pectoral spine 2 to # length of head, strongly serrated on inner side. Caudal deeply forked; lobes long and pointed, outer
CHRYSICHTHYS. 331 rays at least 3 times as long as median. Caudal peduncle 14 to 1} times as long as deep. Brown above, white beneath; a blackish spot behind the operculum.
Total length 590 millim.
Upper Congo.—Type in Congo Museum, Tervueren.
1. Her., type. Leopoldville. Capt. Wilverth (C.).
2. Her. Dolo, Stanley Pool. M. P. Delhez (C.).
3. Ad. Monsembe, Upp. Congo. Rev. J. H. Weeks (P.). 4. Yo. Banzyville, Ubanghi. Capt. Royaux (C.).
11. CHRYSICHTHYS DUTTONI.
Bouleng. Ann. & Mage. N. H. (7) xvi. 1905, p. 641. Depth of body 44 times in total length, length of head 33 times. Head 1} times as long as broad, with granular rugosities above ; snout broadly rounded, extending a little beyond lower jaw; eye 4 times in length of head, nearly equalling interorbital width; vomero-pterygoid teeth forming a long but very narrow band; nasal barbel % diameter of eye; maxillary barbel a little longer than head, extending nearly to extremity of pectoral spine. Dorsal I 6; spine strong, serrated behind ; first soft ray longest, as long as head; adipose fin as long as deep, its base a little greater than its distance from rayed dorsal. Anal 11, 7 rays branched. Pectoral spine 2 length of head, strongly serrated on inner border. Caudal deeply notched, with rounded lobes. Cauda) peduncle nearly 13 times as long as deep. Brown above, white beneath. Total length 130 millim.
Kasai River (Congo).—Type in Congo Museum, Tervueren. 12. CHRYSICHTHYS WAGENAARI.
Bouleng. Ann. Mus. Congo, Zool. i. p. 39, pl. xx. fig. 1 (1899), and Poiss. Bass. Congo, p. 289 (1901).
Depth of body 4 to 43 times in total length, length of head 3 to 33 times. Head much depressed, as long as or a little longer than broad, covered with thick skin above; occipital process in contact with interneural shield; snout broadly rounded, projecting very slightly beyond lower jaw, 1} (young) to 3 times diameter of eye, which is 4 (young) to 85 times in length of head and 14 to 4 times in interocular width ; width of mouth half or more than half length of head; premaxillary band of teeth curved, 5 to 54 times as long as broad; vomero-
Bis SILURIDA.
pterygoid teeth forming two rather broad bands separated by a more or less wide space in the middle; nasal barbel 1 to 2 diameters of eye ; maxillary barbel # length of head or nearly as long as head; outer mandibular barbel 14 times length of inner, $ or a little more than }9 2 length of head. Gill-rakers moderate, 12-15 on lower part of anterior arch. Dorsal I 6, equally distant from end of snout and from root of caudal ; spine $ to 3 length of head, feebly serrated in front and behind ; second and third soft rays longest, to once length of head. Adipose fin 2 to 3 times as long as deep, its base as long as or a little longer than Chrysichthys wagenaari.
Type (A. M. C.). 4 6° that of the dorsal and equal to or a little less than its distance from the latter. Anal 11-12, 7-9 rays branched. Pectoral spine nearly as long as dorsal, feebly serrated on inner border in the adult, strongly in the young. Caudal moderately or rather feebly notched in the adult, with rounded lobes, the longest rays twice as long as the median in the young. Caudal peduncle 1} times as loug as broad. Dark brown, lighter beneath. Total length 700 millim.
Congo.—Type in Congo Museum, Tervueren.
1-2. Her. Upper Congo. Brussels University.
3. Ad. Congo.
13. CHRYSICHTHYS CRANCHII.
Pimelodus cranchii, Leach, in Tuckey, Exped. R. Zaire, p. 409 (1818) ; Griffith & Smith, Anim. Kingd. pl. xl. (1834).
Chrysichthys cranchii, Giinth. Cat. Fish. vy. p. 72 (1864); Schilthuis, Tijdschr. Nederl. Dierk. Ver. (2) iii. 1891, p. 54; Bouleng. Tr. Zool. Soc. xv. 1599, p. 95, and Poiss. Bass. Congo, p. 282 (1901).
Depth of body 4 to 5 times in total length, length of head 3 to ot