ORIENTAL OICADID^
ORIENTAL CICADIDJE. 121 The front is long, slender, and very conically produced, and the face is very obliquely concave ; the rostrum reaches the intermediate coxfe; the opercula are small, with their apices not very wide apart. Long. excl. tegm. <? and ? , 13 millim. Exp. tegm. 86 to 40 millim. Hab. — Malayan Archipelago, Sumatra (coll. Dist. ; Wallace — Brit. Mus.) ; Taju tanam (Beccari — Genoa Mus.) ; Fort de Kock, Alahan pandjang (Sumatr. Exped. — Leyden Mus.) ; Tapanveli (Van Lansberg — Leyden Mus.). Java (V. Eyndh — Leyden Mus.).
This small and distinct species appears to be very common in the island of Sumatra. 6. Mogannia hebes. (Tab. XIV., figs. 13, a, b.)
Ctjiluiloxi/sh,'lj,s,Walker,ListHorn.Suppl.p.38(1858). Moijunniahehes.Stul,Ofv.Vot.-Ak.F5rli.18G3,p.483.
Moganniaspurcata,Walk.Ins.Saund.Horn.p.27(1858).
Body above greenish-ochraceous; pronotum with two large fuscous spots on disk—sometimes almost obsolete ; mesonotum with four fuscous obconical spots, the central pair smallest ; body beneath and legs pale greenish-ochraceous.
Tegmma and wings pale hyaline ; tegmina with the veins greenish or ochraceous, the basal third more or less irregularly suffused with brilliant greenish-ochraceous. Front moderately and conically produced, its apes obtuse ; face oblique, scarcely concave ; rostrum slightl}'passingtheintermediatecoxaB.
Long. excl. tegm. $ , 15 millim. Exp. tegm. 36 millim. Hab. — China (Fortune — Brit. Mus.). Formosa (coll. Dist.). 7. Mogannia nasalis. (Tab. XIV., figs. 14, a, h.)
? Moffannia nasalis, White, Ann. Nat. Hist. vol. xvii. p. 382 (1846). Mogannia chinensis, Stal, Ofv., Vet.-Ak. Forli. 1865, p. 155, n. 3. Body and legs pale castaneous and pilose ; the eyes, posterior margin to pronotum, basal cruciform elevation to mesonotum, and the legs, somewhat paler in hue ; extreme bases of the tibise, bases and apices of the tarsi, and coxal spots, blackish.
Tegmina and wings pale hyaline ; tegmina, with the venation and costal membrane, ochraceous ; a broad, obliquely transverse, ochraceous fascia crosses end of radial area to inner margin ; the fascia is widened posteriorly, and more or less margined with fuscous ; basal cell and extreme base ochraceous ; wings with the venation fuscous.
Front strongly conically produced, the face obliquely concave; rostrum reaching the intermediate coxae.
Long. excl. tegm. 2 , 15 millim. Exp. tegm. 40 millim. Hab.— China (coll. Dist.) ; Hong Kong (Bowriug — Brit. Mus.). 8. Mogannia cyanea. (Tab. XIV., figs. 15, a, b.)
Moganniacyanea,Walker,ListHorn.Suppl.p.40(1858).
Body and legs bright shining indigo-blue ; eyes and the intermediate and posterior coxal margin dull ochraceous.
Tegmina pale h3-aline, basal half shining ochraceous ; a spot at end of radial area and the venation of apical portion fuscous ; wings pale hyaline, the base narrowly ochraceous, the venation more or less ochraceous.
2I
122 ORIENTAL CICADID^.
The head is very strongly pilose, with the front prominently and conieally produced, the face moderately obliquely concave. The rostrum about reaches the intermediate coxae. Long. excl. tegm. 16 millim. Exp. tegm. 40 to 44 millim.
Hab. — Continental India: Naga Hills and Margherita in Assam (Doherty — coll. Dist.). Burma: Ruby Mines (Doherty — coll. Dist.). North China (Fortune — Brit. Mus.). 9. Mogannia effecta. (Tab. XIV., figs. 16, a, h.)
Motjannia effecta (Walk. MS.), Distant, Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 6, vol. ix. p. 316 (1892). Body and legs very dark bluish-black ; tegmina with the basal half bluish -black, this colour broadly margined at base, costal area, claval area, and just before its extremity, with sanguineous. Var. a.
The black area of tegmina streaked with pale fuscous, and the sanguineous margin to same very dull on costal area and almost absent on claval area.
Var. b.
The venation in black area of tegmina sanguineous and concolorous with the surrounding margins. Long. excl. tegm. 17 to 19 millim. Exp. tegm. 42 to 48 millim. Hab.— Continental India: Sikkim (Calc. Mus.); Naga Hills and Darjeeling (coll. Dist.). Malayan Archipelago, Sumatra : Tandjong, Morawa, Serdang (Hagen — Leyden Mus.). This is a common North-Indian species, and of a very distinct pattern and coloration of tegmina.
10. Mogannia funebris.
Mo(jannia funebris, Stal, Ofv. Vet.-Ak. Forh. 1865, p. 155, n. 2 ; Atkms. J. A. S. Bang, vol.hii. p. 232, n. 89 (1885).
" ^nescente-nigra, fusco-pilosula ; tegminibus alisque vitreis, illis ante medium nigris, areola basali asciaque ad apicem partis nigrae sordide lutescentibus."
" 2 . Long. 19 millim. Exp. tegm. 46 millim."
Hab. — Continental India : Sylhet (Stockh. Mus.).
Var. a. (Tab. XIV., figs. 17, a, b.)
Dist. Ann. Mus. Civ. Genoa, ser. 2a, vol. vi. p. 455, t. iv. fig. 1, a, b (1888). Agreeing generally with Stal's description, but without the luteous fascia " ad apicem partis nigrse." Hab. — Burma: Bhamo (Fea — Genoa Mus.).
11. Mogannia conica. (Tab. XIV., figs. 18, a, h.)
Cicada conica, Germar, Then. Arch. ii. 2, p. 39, n. 20 (1830). Cephaloxys liemehjtra. Sign. Anu. See. Ent. Fr. ser. 2, v. p. 295, n. 11 (1847). Mogannia avicuhi. Walk. List Horn. i. p. 250, n. 5 (1850) ; Still, Ofv. Vet.-Ak. Forh. 1870, p. 717, u. 1. Mogannia recta. Walk. List Horn. Suppl. p. 39 (1858) ; Atkius. J. A. S. Beng. vol. liii. p. 232, n. 80 (1885). Mogannia rcnutissima, Stal, Ofv. Vet.-Ak, Forh. 1865, p. 154, u. 1 ; Atkins. J. A. S. Beng. vol. liii. p. 232, n.88(1885).
S . Body and legs black ; above with a more or less defined and broken, longitudinal, dull ochraceous fascia, extending from front of head to apex of abdomen, and generally forming a more or less distinct hour-glass-shaped fascia on pronotum— m some specimens this fascia is very indistinct. Face and disk of abdomen beneath brownish-ochraceous; margms of coxee and trochanters pale ochraceous.
ORIENTAL CICADID.E. 128 Tegmina pale liyaliuc ; the basal half fuscous and semi-opaque, extending from the end of radial area to a little beyond apex of interior ulnar area ; costal membrane and base— narrowly— sanguineous ; wings hyaline, with their base narrowly sanguineous.
Long. excl. tegm. 2 , 15 millim. Exp. tegm. -10 millim.
Uab.— Continental India: Hindostan, sic (Brit.Mus.). Malayan Archipelago, Sumatra : Tandjong, Morawa, Serdang (Hagen— LeydenMus.). Philippine Isles (Cuming— Brit. Mus.; Semper— Stockh. Mus.). Var. a, ignifera.
Mogcmnia ignifera, Walk. List Horn, i. p. 249, n. 4 (1850); ibid. iv. t. 2, f. 5 (1852). Body and legs brownish-ochraceous ; basal opaque coloration of tegmina pale ochraceous, margined with fuscous near costal margin.
Hab.— Malayan Archipelago, Java (Argent— Brit. Mus. ; Forbes— coll. Dist.). Var. b, indicans.
Moyannia indicans, Walk. List Hom. i. p. 249, u. 3 (1850); Dist. Ann. Mus. Civ. Genoa, ser. 2,., vol. vi. p. 455 (1888) ; Atkins. J. A. S. Bang. vol. liii. p. 232, n. 90 (1885). Mogannia hiitrionica, Uhler, Proc. Ac. Nat. Soc. PLiliid. 1862, p. 283. Body black or brownish ; tegmina with the basal opaque portion contaming a transverse, curved, ochraceous or reddish fascia a little before its apex.
Hab.— Continental India : Khasi Hills (Chennell— coll. Dist.) ; Margherita in Assam (Doherty— coll. Dist.). Tenasseriji: Thagata (Fea— Genoa Mus.). China: Hong Kong (Bowriug— Brit. Mus.). Var. c, illustrata.
Mogannia illustrata. Amy. & Serv. Hist, des Hem. p. 467, u. 1, t. 9, f. i (1813). Tegmina with the opaque basal area outwardly margined with fuscous, and with an apical ochraceous spot.
Hab.— Malayan Archipelago: Java (Amy. & Serv.).
Var. d.
The opaque coloration to tegmina uniformly reddish-ochraceous, occupying nearly the whole of lower apical area, and outwardly margined with fuscous ; lateral and posterior margins of pronotum also ochraceous.
Hab.— Malayan Archipelago: Sumatra (coll. Dist.).
Genus GYMXOTYMPANA.
Gymnotywpana, Still, Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr. ser. 4, vol. i. p. 619 (1861). " Corpus valde oblongum. Caput angustum, thoracis antico baud vel vix latins, fronte dimidium faciei occupante. Ocelli ab oculis baud vol paulo latius quam inter se distantes. Thorax margmibus lateralibus obtusis, postice subito ampliatis, limbo postico angustissimo. Tegmina areolis apicalibus octo. areola basali venas duas basi sat approximatas emittente; areola ad suturam clavi apicem versus angustiore; areola apicali prima secunda longioro. Tympana supra tota detecta, phcata. Opercula sat magna, convexa, basi late affixa. Femora antica subtus trispinosa." Stal's original description of this very rare genus is here given. Only two species are known, both of which are found in the eastern ishxnds of the Malayan Ai-chipelago, and by the kind courtesy of Dr. Aurivillius, of the Stockholm Museum, I have been afforded an opportunity of figuring typical specimens of both of thorn. Of these species only one occurs
124 ORIENTAL CICADID^. in our fauna as here restricted ; but as the second is found onl}^ just to the east of New Guinea, and may be also found on that island, I have figured it, and added the description in a footnote.* 1. Gymnotympana stridens. (Tab. IX., figs. 16, a, h.) Cicada stridens, Still, Stett. Ent. Zeit. 1861, p. 152. Gymiioti/mpana stridens, Stal, Ann. Soc. Ent. Er. ser. 4, vol. i. p. 619 (1861). Bunduhia sii/uiftcata, Walk. Jouru. Linn. Soc. Zool. vol. x. p. 91, n. 18 (1867). " Pallide griseo-flavescens, vittis quiuque thoracis, femoribus anticis, apicibus tibiarum tarsorumqne nee uon abdomine fusco, hoc vacuo, fasciis vitreis utrimque ornato ; opereulis pallidis, extus infuscatis ; tegminibus sordide hyalinis, fuseo-venosis ; tborace obsolete fusco-vittato, vittis duabus mediis abbreviatis." " <? . Long. 18 millim. Exp. tegm. 50 millim." " (? . Abdomine segmento secundo dorsali tympana libera relinquente ; opereulis apicem versus sensim angustatis, convexiusculis, apice rotundatis, thoraee eireiter dimidio longioribus, sensim divergentibus." Hab.^MALAYAN Archipelago, Batchian (Stockh. Mus. ; Wallace — Brit. Mus.). Morty (Wallace — Brit. Mus.). Genus KAMALATA. Kamalata, Distant, Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 6, vol. iii. p. 52 (1889). Body very robust ; the abdomen broad and moderately inflated, its lateral margins distinctly keeled beneatb ; the opercula are short, as in the genus Pomponia ; the rostrum in the typical species here described about reaches tbe posterior coxfe, its second joint somewhat compressed laterally and dilated and deeply grooved above ; anterior femora robust, and spined beneath at apex. Tegmina short, broad, about as long as the body ; apical areas eight in number, first longer than the second, basal ulnar area very slightly ampliated anteriorly. The principal characteristic of Kamalata is found in the vertex of the head, which is laminately produced on each side in front of the inner margin of the eyes in somewhat rectangular processes. My whole knowledge of this genus is derived from a specimen contained in the Leyden Museum, and whicli is here figured. ^o^ 1. Kamalata pantherina. (Tab. VIII., figs. 9, a, h.) Kainahita pantherinci, Distant, Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 6, vol. iii. p. 52 (1889). Body above and beneath dark chocolate-brovm ; head with a longitudinal fascia to front, tbe margins and a transverse fascia to tbe ampliations in front of eyes, and a transverse spot at anterior margin of * Gymnotympana strepitans. (Tab. IX., figs. 17, a, b.) Cicadastrepitans,Stftl,Stett.Ent.Zeit.1861,p.151. Gymnotyvipanastrepitans,Stal,Ann.Soc.Ent.Fr.ser.4,vol.i.p.619(1861). "Pallide subolivaceo-flaveseens; vittis sex thoracis, mediis dnabus angnstissimis, opereulis apicem versus segmentoque dorsali apicali abdominis fiiscis, hoc posterius pallido-quadi-ivittato; vittis quattuor scutelli fuscis pallido-conspersis, mediis abbreviatis ; tegminibus sordide hyalinis testaceo-venosis ; abdomine superne macuhs pallidioribus adsperso." "S.Long.23,exp.tegm.COmillim." "$.Opereulisvaldeconvesis,ultramediumvaldeapproximatis,extusrecta,intusmediorotundatis,deinapicem versus oblique subtruncatis, thoraee duplo longioribus. Abdomine pellucido, segmento dorsali seeimdo simplici, tympana libera relinquente." Hab.—MalayanArchipelago:WoodlarkIsl.(Stockh.Mus.).
ORIEN TA I J CICA DID M. 125 vertex, behind which are two outwardly curved lineate spots ochraceoup, eyes luteous; pronotum with a central black hour-glass-shaped fascia somewhat margined and streaked with ochraceous, the posterior margin also ochraceous; mesonotum with two lonj,'itudinal waved linear fasciic, between which near anterior margin are two oblique spots, and the cruciform elevation, ochraceous ; abdominal segmental margins ochraceous ; apices of the femora luteous, anterior and posterior tibia) annulated at base, and the intermediate tibiie both at base and apex with fuscous.
Tegmiiia pale greenish -ochraccous-hyaline, the venation brownish-ochraceous ; a large pale fuscous spot at bases of second, third, fourth, fifth, and seventh apical areas, some small spots at bases of sixth and eighth apical areas, two very small spots on the margins of third ulnar area, and a series of large marginal spots at the apices of the longitudinal veins to apical areas. Wings pale hyaline, the venation bi-ownish-ochraceous.
Long. excl. tegm. J , 34 milliiii. Exp. tegm. 75 millini.
Hab. — Malayan Archipelago : Sumatra (Leyden Mus.).
Geuus EUSTIA.
7ii(s/(V/,Stal,Hem.Afr.vol.iv.p.8(18CC).
Body moderately long and slender. Head broad, including eyes about as wide as the anterior margin of the mesonotum ; the vertical angles globoselj' produced in front of the anterior margin of the e5'es, which are somewhat pedunculate ; ocelli situate much farther apart from ej-es than from each other. Pronotum with the lateral margins moderately convexlj^ sinuate, the posterior angles somewhat lobately recurved. Anterior femora distinctly and prominently spined. Tympana almost totally uncovered and exposed. Opereula very small, not covering the cavities. Tegmina and wings hyaline ; tegmina with the basal cell much longer than broad, apical areas eight in number, interior ulnar area of irregular shape and much wider at apex than at base ; wings with five apical areas.
Rustia is a genus of small species, which according to present knowledge are confined to India and South-eastern Continental Asia.
1. Rustia dentivitta. (Tab. YIIL, figs. 14, a, h.)
Cicadii deiilivittii, Walker, Joiun. Ent. vol. i. p. 304 (1862).
Bustia pidimculata, Stal, Berl. Ent. Zeit. 18GG, p. 383.
3 . Body and legs brownish-ochractous ; head with a fascia on each side of front, two central longitudinal spots to vertex, a spot on inner margin of eyes, and the anterior angles of vertex, black ; pronotum with two central longitudinal fasciffi, on each side of which is an obhque fascia and the sublateral margin, black. Mesonotum with two centrally united obconical spots, and a curved fascia on each lateral area, black; abdomen with a faint central longitudinal fascia, and the apex above and beneath, more or less blackish.
Tegmina and wings hyaline; tegmina with the venation, costal membrane, and a series of large marginal spots—sometimes united—on the longitudinal veins to apical areas, fuscous. Eostrum reaching the posterior coxa? ; the face moderately tumid, with strong transverse striations, but with no trace of a longitudinal sulcation.
Long. excl. tegm. ,? and 2 , 12 to 14 millira. Exp. tegm. 82 to 40 millim. Hab. — Continental India: Margherita in Assam (Doherty — coll. Dist.;i. Burma: Rangoon (coll. Dist.K Siam (coll. Pascoe). Cambodia (Rtockh. Mus.).
126 ORIENTAL CICADID^.
Var. a, amussitata. (Tab. XII., figs. 16, a, h.)
Tiblcen (imussitatHs, Dist. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 6, vol. i. p. 373 (1888); Ann. Mus. Civ. Genoa, ser. 2a, vol.vi.p.392(1888).
Tegmina almost unspotted, or with only faint traces of the marginal spots ; sometimes with a single apical spot.
Hab. — Continental India: Karwar and Darjeeling (coll. Dist.) ; Naga Hills (Doherty — coll. Diat.). Burma (Bingham—coll. Dist.).
2. Rustia tigrina. (Tab. XIV., figs. 19, a, h.)
Tibicen tiijriaus, Distant, Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. G, vol. ii. p. 325 (1888). Ochraceous ; a transverse fascia between the eyes, a broad marginal fascia to pro- and mesonotum, a spot on each side of basal cruciform elevation, and two longitudinal dorsal fascise on abdomen, dark castaneous or blackish. Body beneath and legs ochraceous ; apex of abdomen spotted with black. Tegmina and wings pale hyaline, the first with the costal membrane and basal area of venation ochraceous, remaining venation and an apical spot fuscous ; wings with the venation fuscous. The rostrum just passes the intermediate coxfe ; the anterior femora are armed beneath with four spines— two central long and prominent, one short and obscure near base, and one short placed just in front of the apical longest spine.
Long. excl. tegm. ^ , 13 millim. Exp. tegm. 31 millim.
Hab. — Continental India : Kulluur (coll. Atkins, and coll. Dist.).
Genus KARENIA.
Karenia, Distant, Ann. Mus. Civ. Genoa, ser. 2a, vol. vi. p. 457 (1888). Head depressed, rounded, somewhat narrower than the anterior margin of the pronotum. Pronotum more than twice as broad as long, widened posteriorly, the lateral margins ampliated and obscurely toothed. Mesonotum somewhat large, the cruciform basal elevation elongated. Abdomen short and robust, about equal in length to that of pro- and mesonotum combined. Anterior femora strongly toothed beneath. Eostrum slightly passing the posterior coxae. Opercula small and widely separated. Tegmina with the basal ulnar area slightly ampliated anteriorly, the base distinctly narrower than apex ; apical areas eight.
The principal characteristics of this genus are the following : riz. the tympana are altogether uncovered and exposed; the lateral areas of the basal cruciform elevation to mesosternum are much narrowed, their margins oblique ; the basal cell of tegmina is about twice as long as broad with the ulnar veins emitted at its extreme apex.
Karenia bas a superficial resemblance to tbe Tropical American genus Paclujsaltria, Stal. Two species are at present alone recorded, botb being found in our faunistic area. 1. Karenia ravida. (Tab. XII., figs. 6, a, h.)
Karenia ravida, Distant, Ann. Mus. Civ. Genoa, ser. 2a, vol. vi. p. 458 (1888). S . Head, ]3ronotum and mesonotum olivaceous. Head with a curved spot near the base of the antenna;, the area of the ocelli, and a lineate spot on each side of the same, black. Pronotum with two central obconical spots starting from anterior margin, between which is a very indistinct central longitudinal line
ORIENTAL CICADID/R. 127 and a somewhat effaced triangular fascia crossing each side of disk, blackish. A black spot in front of each anterior angle of the basal cruciforra elevation, the posterior margin of which is also black. Abdomen above olivaceous, much shaded with Ijlack. Body beneath olivaceous ; a spot at base of each antenna, apices of anterior femora, bases of intermediate and posterior tibiee, the anterior and intermediate tarsi, and the apex of the abdomen, black.
Tegmina and wings pale hyaline, the venation brownish-olivaceous; the first with the transverse veins at the bases of the second, third, fifth, seventh, and eighth apical areas infuscated, and a marginal series of fuscous spots placed on the longitudinal veins of the apical areas. Long. excl. tegm. 27 millira. Exp. tegm. 87 millim.
Hab. — Burma: Kakhicu Hills (Fea — Genoa Mus. and coll. Dist.).
2. Karenia caelatata. (Tab. XIII., figs. 5, a, h.)
Kio-cniacmlataUi,Distant,'Entomologist,'vol.xxiii.p.91(1890).
$ . Head, pronotum and mesonotum pale greenish, sparingly pilose ; head with the area of the ocelli, and a spot on each side of base of front, black ; eyes browuish-ochraceous. Pronotum with two central discal curved fascia;, which are united posteriorly, and a spot on the lateral margins, black. Mesonotum with two central obconical spots at anterior margin, on each side of which is a larger angulated spot, and a rounded spot at each anterior angle of the basal cruciform elevation, black (these spots are more or less effaced in the typical specimen described) ; base of the cruciform elevation, a small spot on each side of it, and a spot on each side of the basal margin of the metanotum, black. Abdomen ochraceoua, strongly pilose, with three irregular longitudinal fuscous fasciae, — the central one broadest, those on the lateral areas much angulated and macular. Bod}' beneath and legs greenish-ochraceous ; a spot at base of antennae, posterior margin of face, a spot near bases and apices of femora, bases of tibiae, tarsal claws, and the base and apex of abdomen, more or less black.
Tegmina and wings pale hyaline, the venation more or less fuscous; tegmina with the costal membrane greenish, its extreme margin black, the transverse veins at the bases of the second, third, fourth, fifth and seventh apical areas broadly infuscated, and a series of fuscous marginal spots placed on the apices of the longitudinal veins to apical areas; extreme bases of the tegmina and wings ochraceous.
Long. excl. tegm. ? , 30 millim. Exp. tegm. 100 millim.
Hab.- China: Chia Kou Ho, 1700 feet (Pratt -coll. Dist.).
Genus TIBICEN.
TiUcen, Latreillo, Fam. Nat. p. 42G (1825) ; Still, Hem. Afr. iv. pp. S and 25 (18GC) ; Dist. Biol. Centr. Am. Ehyncb.Hom.p.18(1883).
Subgeu. Ahricta, Still, Hom. Afr. iv. p. 26 (18GG) ; Karscb, Berl. Ent. Zeit. xxxv. p. Ill (1890). Subgeu. Abroma, Still, Hem. Afr. iv. p. 27 (18GG); Karscb, Berl. Eut. Zeit. xxxv. p. Ill (1890). Subgen. Quintilia. Still, Hem. Air. iv. p. 28 (18GG); Karscb, Berl. Eut. Zeit. xxxv. pp. Ill and 116 (1890). Subgen. Xekynda, Stal, Ofv. Vet.-Ak. Fcirh. 1870, p. 716.
This gouus is of a very variable nature, if the subgenera enumerated above are to be considered only in that limited sense. Karseh (siipni} has with considerable reason treated them as distinct genera; but as the species in this fauna are not numerous, I have adhered generally to Stal's arrangement, and therefore give the generic diagnosis as enunciated by him, which embraces the different subsreneric divisions.