Skip to content
EvidenceHelixEvidenceLib · Scientific Encyclopedia
⌘ K

Scientific library

EvidenceLib encyclopediaAll articles A–Z2,835
Books209
All textbooksMedical textbooksHuman anatomyOrganisms & biodiversityOther sciences
Open-access articles1,406Cancer study catalog458How it is made

My workspace this browser

Saved pages0Notes & annotations0

Recently viewed

Explore by field

Cancer and Oncology182Genetics and Genomics170Neuroscience185Cardiovascular Medicine180Immunology142Pharmacology173Molecular Biology161Infectious Diseases150Rare and Inherited Diseases181Clinical Research173Anatomy and Physiology613Drugs and Chemicals621Psychiatry and Psychology185Public Health and Nutrition178Diagnostics and Medical Technology125Respiratory Medicine113Digestive System and Liver91Metabolism and Endocrine Disease177Bones, Joints, Muscles and Skin213Kidney, Urology and Women's Health173Eye, Ear, Nose and Throat55
Plans & pricingCompare EvidenceHelix workspace plans
Library›Open textbooks›Plaster cast versus functional bracing for Achilles tendon rupture: the UKSTAR RCT›References

Continue where you left off ()

GO BEYOND THE PAGEReading is just the beginning.

Turn scientific reading into research. Compare studies, examine evidence, and organize your findings in EvidenceHelix Workspace.

Explore Research Workspace →

Plaster cast versus functional bracing for Achilles tendon rupture: the UKSTAR RCT · References

References

CC BY 4.0 · NIHR Journals Library · approximately 7 min read

  1. Costa ML, MacMillan K, Halliday D, Chester R, Shepstone L, Robinson AH, Donell ST. Randomised controlled trials of immediate weight-bearing mobilisation for rupture of the tendo Achillis. J Bone Joint Surg Br 2006;88:69–77. 10.1302/0301-620X.88B1.1654916365124
  2. Maffulli N, Waterston SW, Squair J, Reaper J, Douglas AS. Changing incidence of Achilles tendon rupture in Scotland: a 15-year study. Clin J Sport Med 1999;9:157–60. 10.1097/00042752-199907000-0000710512344
  3. Kearney RS, Costa ML. Current concepts in the rehabilitation of an acute rupture of the tendo Achillis. J Bone Joint Surg Br 2012;94:28–31. 10.1302/0301-620X.94B1.2800822219243
  4. Graham R. Tendinopathy – from basic science to treatment. Nat Clin Pract Rheumatol 2008;4:82. 10.1038/ncprheum070018235537
  5. Tallon C, Maffulli N, Ewen SW. Ruptured Achilles tendons are significantly more degenerated than tendinopathic tendons. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2001;33:1983–90. 10.1097/00005768-200112000-0000211740288
  6. Nistor L. Surgical and non-surgical treatment of Achilles tendon rupture. A prospective randomized study. J Bone Joint Surg Am 1981;63:394–9. 10.2106/00004623-198163030-000127204438
  7. Khan RJ, Carey Smith RL. Surgical interventions for treating acute Achilles tendon ruptures. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2010;9:CD003674. 10.1002/14651858.CD003674.pub4
  8. Metz R, Verleisdonk EJ, van der Heijden GJ, Clevers GJ, Hammacher ER, Verhofstad MH, van der Werken C. Acute Achilles tendon rupture: minimally invasive surgery versus nonoperative treatment with immediate full weightbearing – a randomized controlled trial. Am J Sports Med 2008;36:1688–94. 10.1177/036354650831931218645042
  9. Willits K, Amendola A, Bryant D, Mohtadi NG, Giffin JR, Fowler P, et al. Operative versus nonoperative treatment of acute Achilles tendon ruptures: a multicenter randomized trial using accelerated functional rehabilitation. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2010;92:2767–75. 10.2106/JBJS.I.0140121037028
  10. Kearney RS, Costa ML. UK National Survey – Rehabilitation for Achilles Tendon Rupture. Coventry: University of Warwick; 2013.
  11. Kearney RS, Parsons N, Underwood M, Costa ML. Achilles tendon rupture rehabilitation: a mixed methods investigation of current practice among orthopaedic surgeons in the United Kingdom. Bone Joint Res 2015;4:65–9. 10.1302/2046-3758.44.200040025868938
  12. Healy B, Beasley R, Weatherall M. Venous thromboembolism following prolonged cast immobilisation for injury to the tendo Achillis. J Bone Joint Surg Br 2010;92:646–50. 10.1302/0301-620X.92B5.2324120436000
  13. Suchak AA, Spooner C, Reid DC, Jomha NM. Postoperative rehabilitation protocols for Achilles tendon ruptures: a meta-analysis. Clin Orthop Relat Res 2006;445:216–21. 10.1097/01.blo.0000203458.05135.7416456316
  14. Costa ML, Kay D, Donell ST. Gait abnormalities following rupture of the tendo Achillis: a pedobarographic assessment. J Bone Joint Surg Br 2005;87:1085–8. 10.1302/0301-620X.87B8.1654016049244
  15. Cetti R, Henriksen LO, Jacobsen KS. A new treatment of ruptured Achilles tendons. A prospective randomized study. Clin Orthop Relat Res 1994;308:155–65. 10.1097/00003086-199411000-00022
  16. Kangas J, Pajala A, Siira P, Hämäläinen M, Leppilahti J. Early functional treatment versus early immobilization in tension of the musculotendinous unit after Achilles rupture repair: a prospective, randomized, clinical study. J Trauma 2003;54:1171–80. 10.1097/01.TA.0000047945.20863.A212813340
  17. Kerkhoffs GM, Struijs PA, Raaymakers EL, Marti RK. Functional treatment after surgical repair of acute Achilles tendon rupture: wrap vs walking cast. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg 2002;122:102–5. 10.1007/s00402010031211880912
  18. Maffulli N, Tallon C, Wong J, Lim KP, Bleakney R. Early weightbearing and ankle mobilization after open repair of acute midsubstance tears of the achilles tendon. Am J Sports Med 2003;31:692–700. 10.1177/0363546503031005100112975188
  19. Mortensen HM, Skov O, Jensen PE. Early motion of the ankle after operative treatment of a rupture of the Achilles tendon. A prospective, randomized clinical and radiographic study. J Bone Joint Surg Am 1999;81:983–90. 10.2106/00004623-199907000-0001110428130
  20. Suchak AA, Bostick GP, Beaupré LA, Durand DC, Jomha NM. The influence of early weight-bearing compared with non-weight-bearing after surgical repair of the Achilles tendon. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2008;90:1876–83. 10.2106/JBJS.G.0124218762647
  21. American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons (AAOS). The Diagnosis and Treatment of Acute Achilles Tendon Rupture: Guideline and Evidence Report. Rosemont, IL: AAOS; 2009.
  22. Saleh M, Marshall PD, Senior R, MacFarlane A. The Sheffield splint for controlled early mobilisation after rupture of the calcaneal tendon. A prospective, randomised comparison with plaster treatment. J Bone Joint Surg Br 1992;74:206–9. 10.1302/0301-620X.74B2.15449531544953
  23. Petersen OF, Nielsen MB, Jensen KH, Solgaard S. [Randomized comparison of CAM walker and light-weight plaster cast in the treatment of first-time Achilles tendon rupture.] Ugeskr Laeg 2002;164:3852–5.12216152
  24. Valkering KP, Aufwerber S, Ranuccio F, Lunini E, Edman G, Ackermann PW. Functional weight-bearing mobilization after Achilles tendon rupture enhances early healing response: a single-blinded randomized controlled trial. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 2017;25:1807–16. 10.1007/s00167-016-4270-327539402
  25. Barfod KW, Bencke J, Lauridsen HB, Dippmann C, Ebskov L, Troelsen A. Nonoperative, dynamic treatment of acute achilles tendon rupture: influence of early weightbearing on biomechanical properties of the plantar flexor muscle-tendon complex-a blinded, randomized, controlled trial. J Foot Ankle Surg 2015;54:220–6. 10.1053/j.jfas.2014.11.01825618802
  26. Korkmaz M, Erkoc MF, Yolcu S, Balbaloglu O, Oztemur Z, Karaaslan F. Weight bearing the same day versus non-weight bearing for 4 weeks in Achilles tendon rupture. J Orthop Sci 2015;20:513–16. 10.1007/s00776-015-0710-z25773309
  27. Young SW, Patel A, Zhu M, van Dijck S, McNair P, Bevan WP, Tomlinson M. Weight-bearing in the nonoperative treatment of acute achilles tendon ruptures: a randomized controlled trial. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2014;96:1073–9. 10.2106/JBJS.M.0024824990972
  28. Barfod KW, Hansen MS, Hölmich P, Kristensen MT, Troelsen A. Efficacy of early controlled motion of the ankle compared with immobilisation in non-operative treatment of patients with an acute Achilles tendon rupture: an assessor-blinded, randomised controlled trial [published online ahead of print October 9 2019]. Br J Sports Med 2019. 10.1136/bjsports-2019-100709
  29. Kearney RS, Lamb SE, Achten J, Parsons NR, Costa ML. In-shoe plantar pressures within ankle-foot orthoses: implications for the management of achilles tendon ruptures. Am J Sports Med 2011;39:2679–85. 10.1177/036354651142080921908718
  30. Kearney RS, McGuinness KR, Achten J, Costa ML. A systematic review of early rehabilitation methods following a rupture of the Achilles tendon. Physiotherapy 2012;98:24–32. 10.1016/j.physio.2011.04.34922265382
  31. Nilsson-Helander K, Thomeé R, Silbernagel KG, Grävare-Silbernagel K, Thomeé P, Faxén E, et al. The Achilles tendon Total Rupture Score (ATRS): development and validation. Am J Sports Med 2007;35:421–6. 10.1177/036354650629485617158277
  32. Kearney RS, Achten J, Lamb SE, Parsons N, Costa ML. The Achilles tendon total rupture score: a study of responsiveness, internal consistency and convergent validity on patients with acute Achilles tendon ruptures. Health Qual Life Outcomes 2012;10:24. 10.1186/1477-7525-10-2422376047
  33. van Hout B, Janssen MF, Feng YS, Kohlmann T, Busschbach J, Golicki D, et al. Interim scoring for the EQ-5D-5L: mapping the EQ-5D-5L to EQ-5D-3L value sets. Value Health 2012;15:708–15. 10.1016/j.jval.2012.02.00822867780
  34. Kearney RS, Achten J, Parsons NR, Costa ML. The comprehensive cohort model in a pilot trial in orthopaedic trauma. BMC Med Res Methodol 2011;11:39. 10.1186/1471-2288-11-3921466700
  35. Dunn G, Maracy M, Tomenson B. Estimating treatment effects from randomized clinical trials with noncompliance and loss to follow-up: the role of instrumental variable methods. Stat Methods Med Res 2005;14:369–95. 10.1191/0962280205sm403oa16178138
  36. Calvert M, Blazeby J, Altman DG, Revicki DA, Moher D, Brundage MD, CONSORT PRO Group. Reporting of patient-reported outcomes in randomized trials: the CONSORT PRO extension. JAMA 2013;309:814–22. 10.1001/jama.2013.87923443445
  37. Bell ML, King MT, Fairclough DL. Bias in area under the curve for longitudinal clinical trials with missing patient reported outcome data: summary measures versus summary statistics. Sage Open 2014;4. 10.1177/2158244014534858
  38. National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE). Guide to the Methods of Technology Appraisal. London: NICE; 2013.
  39. Curtis L, Burns A. Unit Costs of Health and Social Care 2018. Canterbury: Personal Social Services Research Unit, University of Kent; 2018.
  40. NHS. NHS Supply Chain. 2018. URL: https://my.supplychain.nhs.uk/catalogue (accessed 18 July 2018).
  41. NHS Improvement. Reference Costs 2017/18. Leeds: NHS Digital; 2018.
  42. NHS Digital. Prescription Cost Analysis – England, 2018. Leeds: NHS Digital; 2019.
  43. Joint Formulary Committee. British National Formulary. (online). London: BMJ Group and Pharmaceutical Press. URL: www.evidence.nhs.uk/formulary/bnf/current (accessed 6 May 2019).
  44. Office for National Statistics. Employee Earnings in the UK: 2018. Newport: Office for National Statistics; 2018.
  45. NHS Improvement. NHS Reference Costs 2016–17. Leeds: NHS Digital; 2018.
  46. Claxton K, Martin S, Soares M, Rice N, Spackman E, Hinde S, et al. Methods for the estimation of the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence cost-effectiveness threshold. Health Technol Assess 2015;19(14). 10.3310/hta19140
  47. Leurent B, Gomes M, Faria R, Morris S, Grieve R, Carpenter JR. Sensitivity analysis for not-at-random missing data in trial-based cost-effectiveness analysis: a tutorial. PharmacoEconomics 2018;36:889–901. 10.1007/s40273-018-0650-529679317
  48. DAMOCLES Study Group. A proposed charter for clinical trial data monitoring committees: helping them to do their job well. Lancet 2005;365:711–22. 10.1016/S0140-6736(05)17965-315721478
  49. Costa ML, Achten J, Marian IR, Dutton SJ, Lamb SE, Ollivere B, et al. Plaster cast versus functional brace for non-surgical treatment of Achilles tendon rupture (UKSTAR): a multicentre randomised controlled trial and economic evaluation. Lancet 2020;395:441–8. 10.1016/S0140-6736(19)32942-332035553
  50. Parsons N, Griffin XL, Achten J, Costa ML. Outcome assessment after hip fracture: is EQ-5D the answer? Bone Joint Res 2014;3:69–75. 10.1302/2046-3758.33.200025024648420
  51. Capital Physio. Physiotherapy Prices. 2019. URL: www.capitalphysio.com/fees-and-payment/ (accessed 30 September 2019).
  52. Curtis LA, Burns A. Unit Costs of Health and Social Care 2015. Canterbury: Personal Social Services Research Unit, University of Kent; 2015.
  53. Turner J, O’Cathain A, Knowles E, Nichol J, Sampson F, Coleman P, et al. Evaluation of NHS 111 Pilot Sites. Sheffield: University of Sheffield; 2012.
  54. Curtis LA, Burns A. Unit Costs of Health and Social Care 2017. Canterbury: Personal Social Services Research Unit, University of Kent; 2017.
  55. National Association of Care Catering. Meals on Wheels Survey 2018. 2018. URL: http://costsectorcatering.co.uk/sites/default/files/attachment/nacc_-_meals_on_wheels_report_2018.pdf (accessed 5 June 2019).
  56. Keene DJ, Alsousou J, Harrison P, Hulley P, Wagland S, Parsons SR, et al. Platelet rich plasma injection for acute Achilles tendon rupture: PATH-2 randomised, placebo controlled, superiority trial. BMJ 2019;367:l6132. 10.1136/bmj.l613231748208
← ConclusionsAcknowledgements →

Attribution. Matthew L Costa; Juul Achten; Susan Wagland; Ioana R Marian; Mandy Maredza; Michael Maia Schlüssel et al. (2020). Plaster cast versus functional bracing for Achilles tendon rupture: the UKSTAR RCT. NIHR Journals Library. Copyright © Queen’s Printer and Controller of HMSO 2020. This work was produced by Costa et al. under the terms of a commissioning contract issued by the Secretary of State for Health and Social Care. This issue may be freely reproduced for the purposes of private research and study and extracts (or indeed, the full report) may be included in professional journals provided that suitable acknowledgement is made and the reproduction is not associated with any form of advertising. Applications for commercial reproduction should be addressed to: NIHR Journals Library, National Institute for Health Research, Evaluation, Trials and Studies Coordinating Centre, Alpha House, University of Southampton Science Park, Southampton SO16 7NS, UK. Licensed under CC BY 4.0. NCBI Bookshelf NBK553707. CC BY 4.0. Original source ↗. Text reproduced from the Bookshelf XML without changing wording; figures, images and supplements are not reproduced.

In this chapter Contents

  • References

Source

OpenStax source file ↗

Source record ↗

EvidenceLib is a research-education resource, not medical advice. It does not diagnose, prescribe or recommend starting, stopping or changing any treatment. Talk to a qualified clinician about your own situation. Methods, sources and licences · Rights and removal requests · Legal · Support